Patatha miyezi inayi boma la Afghanistan litagwa m’manja mwa a Taliban, Asad Asadullah wazaka 22 adakhazikika m’chizoloŵezi chatsopano.
Kumudzi kwawo m’chigawo chakumpoto cha Afghanistan ku Samangan, wophunzira wakale wa sayansi ya makompyuta adayamba ndikumaliza tsiku lililonse akuyang’ana pakompyuta yake ya laputopu.
Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa Okutobala, Asadullah adatenga nawo gawo mu kampu yosungiramo ma codec yomwe idakonzedwa ndi Code Weekend, gulu lodzipereka la okonda zaukadaulo aku Afghan, zomwe zidaperekedwa ndi Scrimba, kampani yaku Norway yomwe imapereka zokambirana zapaintaneti.
Masiku ena, Asadullah anatenga nthawi yopuma kuti akasewere mpira wojambula, koma nthawi zambiri sankawaonanso anzake choncho. Mu ulamuliro wa a Taliban, “mabwenzi akale akuvutika maganizo kwambiri,” iye akufotokoza motero, ndipo panali zambiri zokha zimene akanatha kuchita. M’malo mwake, amandiuza kuti, “moyo wanga uli pa kompyuta yanga.”
Asadullah ndi m’modzi mwa mamiliyoni a achinyamata aku Afghanistan omwe moyo wawo, ndi mapulani amtsogolo, zidasinthidwa pomwe a Taliban adalandanso Afghanistan mu Ogasiti watha. Likulu litagwa, Asadullah anali atatsala ndi ma semesita awiri aku koleji, ndipo amaganizira za mapulani ake atamaliza maphunziro ake. Iye sanali wosankha pa ntchito yake yoyamba; chilichonse chimene chingamuthandize kusunga ndalama angachite. Koma anali ndi zolinga zazikulu: Asadullah ankafuna kuyambitsa kampani yake ya mapulogalamu ndi kugawana chikondi chake cha sayansi ya makompyuta pophunzitsa ophunzira aku yunivesite ndi kusekondale. “Ndikayamba kukopera, ndimatha kuiwala zonse,” akutero.
Masiku ano, mapulaniwo akuimitsidwa—ndipo palibe amene akudziwa kuti mpaka liti. Chuma cha dzikolo chikugwa mwaufulu, bungwe la United Nations likuchenjeza za njala, ndipo pakali pano, olamulira atsopano a Afghanistan apereka njira zingapo zothetsera nzika zake.
Zikavuta chonchi, bootcamp yotsalira – yotsalira kwakanthawi kochepa kwaukadaulo ku Afghanistan – ikhoza kuwoneka ngati yachilendo. Koma kwa omwe atenga nawo mbali, zimapereka chiyembekezo chamtsogolo mwabwinoko — ngakhale tsogolo loterolo likadali lotheka ku Afghanistan sizikuwonekerabe.
Kuphunzira kwenikweni
Pamene a Taliban adayamba kulamulira mu Ogasiti, sizinadziwike kuti ulamuliro wawo ungatanthauze chiyani pa intaneti ku Afghanistan. Kodi akanadula intaneti? Gwiritsani ntchito zolemba zapa social media-kapena nkhokwe zaboma—kuzindikira ndi kulunjika adani awo akale? Pitirizani kudzilipira okha kampeni yogwira ntchito bwino yokhudzana ndi anthu?
Monga momwe zinakhalira, a Taliban sanaletse mwayi wopezeka pa intaneti – mwina sizinafikebe. M’malo mwake, kwa ophunzira aku Afghanistan omwe angakwanitse kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kunyumba – makamaka azimayi ndi atsikana, omwe boma lawaletsa kusukulu za sekondale ndi zapamwamba – kuphunzira pa intaneti kwakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambira maphunziro.
Zina mwa izi zakonzedwa bwino, ndi makalasi obisika zokhazikitsidwa ndi othandizira apadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe ena amangodziwongolera okha-kuphunzira kudzera pamavidiyo a YouTube, mwina, kapena mndandanda wazosewerera zankhani za TED. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwera pakati, pogwiritsa ntchito nsanja zaulere kapena zotsika mtengo zophunzirira pa intaneti.
Bootcamp yeniyeni ya Code Weekend imagwera m’gulu lomalizali. Anthu makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu asanu adalandiridwa mugululi ndipo akugwira ntchito kudzera pa Scrimba’s. Frontend Developer Career Njira, mndandanda wa ma module ophunzirira mavidiyo a 13 omwe amaphimba chirichonse kuchokera ku HTML ndi CSS zoyambira mpaka maupangiri okhudzana ndi mafunso ofunsidwa ntchito okhudza JavaScript kapena GitHub.
Ophunzira atha kumaliza ma module pa nthawi yawo komanso m’nyumba zawo, ndi alangizi odzipereka a Code Weekend amayang’ana mlungu uliwonse kuti ayankhe mafunso, kuwonetsetsa kuti akuyenda bwino, komanso kuthandizira pamayendedwe ngati pakufunika – kuphatikiza kuwonjezera pa intaneti kuti ophunzira apitirize pa intaneti. Malinga ndi okonza, pafupifupi mamembala 50 agulu loyambirira akugwira ntchito.
Kuwonetsetsa kulumikizidwa kwa intaneti ndi chimodzi mwamavuto azachuma komanso zovuta zoyendetsa bootcamp, ngakhale yodziwika bwino, ku Afghanistan. Winanso akulimbana ndi vuto la kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi, komwe kumangochitika m’nyengo yozizira iliyonse. Poyesa kuthetsa mavuto onsewa, Code Weekend wakhala akuyesera kuchulukitsa ndalama mtengo wa ngongole ya 3G ndi magetsi osungira kudzera mu jenereta ndi mayunitsi osungira mabatire.
Koma palinso vuto lina lomwe limadetsa nkhawa okonza: “zomwe a Taliban amaganiza,” akutero Jamshid Hashimi, wopanga mapulogalamu omwe adayambitsa Code Weekend ndi abwenzi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazo. Gululo silikufuna kudziwa. “Mpaka pano, tinapewa kucheza nawo,” iye akutero.
Mwanjira ina, mawonekedwe a bootcamp, asynchronous amathandizira Code Weekend kukhala pansi pa radar. Zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa amayi, omwe ufulu wawo woyenda wachepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kutanthauzira koopsa kwa a Taliban pa Chisilamu, kutenga nawo mbali osasiya nyumba zawo – kapenanso kucheza ndi omwe akutenga nawo mbali, zomwe zitha kukwiyitsa a Taliban.
Zarifa Sherzoy, wazaka 19, ndi m’modzi mwa azimayi omwe adatenga nawo gawo pamsasa wa boot. Womaliza maphunziro a kusekondale posachedwapa, ankayembekezera kuti alemba mayeso olowera kukoleji ndi kuyamba maphunziro a kuyunivesite semesita ino, koma m’malo mwake, iye ndi azichimwene ake asanu ndi aŵiri amathera nthaŵi yawo yambiri ali kunyumba. Pakati pa ntchito zapakhomo, kuzima kwa magetsi, ndi mwayi wochepa wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, amangokhalira ola limodzi kapena awiri ali pa coding bootcamp. Komabe, ngakhale izi zapereka dongosolo latsopano ndi tanthauzo masiku ake. “A Taliban atafika,” akukumbukira kuti “ali wotopa kwambiri kunyumba tsiku lililonse akuganiza momwe angathetsere izi.” Koma kuyambira pomwe kampasi yojambulira idayamba kumapeto kwa Okutobala, akuti, ngakhale mavuto ake sanathe, “masiku anga ali abwino.”
Mawonekedwe ake ali ndi mwayi wina wowonjezera: amalola ma coders kunja kwa likulu la Afghanistan, ngati Asad Asadullah, kutenga nawo gawo.
Code Weekend Bootcamp
Pamene Jamshid Hashimi, yemwe anali ndi zaka 23, yemwe anali wokonza mapulogalamu pakampani yaukadaulo yaku Afghanistan, Netlinks, adakhazikitsa Code Weekend mu June 2014 kuti abweretse pamodzi opanga mapulogalamu aku Afghanistan, adalimbikitsidwa ndi chiyembekezo chaukadaulo chomwe chidafalikira ku Kabul.
Kampani Yofulumira mbiri yachiwonetsero chakumayambiriro kwa dziko, lofalitsidwa mu 2012, linanena za chiyembekezo chomwe chafalikira motere: “Mosakayika kukhala ndi chiyembekezo komanso kutanganidwa kwambiri, akatswiri azatekinoloje ku Afghanistan amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta sikungowathandiza kupanga ndalama, komanso kuteteza mtendere m’dziko lawo.”
Ndipo sanali makampani aukadaulo okha omwe anali ndi chiyembekezo. Code Weekend inali imodzi mwazinthu zingapo zomwe cholinga chake chinali kulimbikitsa luso la achinyamata, kuchita bizinesi, ndipo, pamapeto pake, kuchitapo kanthu ndi utsogoleri pomanga dziko la Afghanistan lomwe likupita patsogolo, zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi opereka ndalama ochokera kumayiko ena ndi cholinga ichi.
Zitsanzo zina zidaphatikizapo pulogalamu ya TEDxKabul, yomwe idabwera ku Kabul koyamba ndi “malingaliro oyenera kufalitsa” (mzere wa TEDx) mu 2012, komanso ma franchise ena apadziko lonse lapansi okhudzana ndi bizinesi monga Founder Institute-Kabul, yomwe idachokera ku 2014 mpaka 2017. ( Hashimi adagwira nawo ntchito pamapulogalamu onsewa, monganso ine, nthawi zosiyanasiyana.) Pofika chaka cha 2016, ngakhale Google idabwera ku tawuni, ndikuyambitsa Google for Entrepreneurs’ Startup Grind, gulu la anthu omwe akufuna kuyambitsa oyambitsa.
Koma Code Weekend idapitilira zonse izi, ngakhale ena mwa utsogoleri wawo, kuphatikiza Hashimi, atachoka ku Afghanistan. Pazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri chikhazikitsireni, gulu lodzipereka lachita misonkhano pafupifupi 100 m’mayunivesite, ma incubators, ndi maofesi amakampani otchuka aukadaulo aku Afghanistan. pafupifupi.
Opezekapo adakumana kuti aphunzire chilichonse kuyambira pazoyambira za WordPress kamangidwe ndi zilankhulo za JavaScript kupita ku zida zosonkhanitsira deta pamunda. (Economic yoyendetsedwa ndi thandizo ku Afghanistan inali ndi chidwi chachikulu cha kafukufuku ndipo idalemba antchito angapo a ICT.) Iwo adamva kuchokera kumagulu oyambira am’deralo ndi magulu a engineering omwe adabwera kudzawonetsa mapulogalamu awo atsopano. Adakambirana za mabuku otchuka padziko lonse lapansi chatekinoloje, monga The Passionate Programmer (zomwe Hashimi adazipereka). Ndipo kamodzi, pamwambo wausiku wonse, okonda magwero otseguka adasonkhana kuti atsatire Laracon Online, msonkhano wapadziko lonse lapansi wotsegulira tsamba la Laravel.
Kenako, mu 2019, patatha zaka zambiri zochitika zakumapeto kwa sabata, Code Weekend idaganiza zokulirakulira: gululo lidayambitsa kampasi yolembera anthu. Gulu loyamba linathamanga ndi pulogalamu yoyendetsa ndege ya 15, 12 omwe anamaliza maphunziro awo a miyezi inayi. Ochepa, malinga ndi kunena kwa Hashimi, anapeza ntchito chifukwa cha kutenga nawo mbali.
Elyas Afghan, 24, akuyembekeza kukhala m’modzi mwa iwo akamaliza kampu yoyambira. Akulu ake onse aŵiri alinso m’munda—m’modzi amagwira ntchito ku Rapid Iteration, kampani ya Hashimi—ndipo mwa zina chifukwa cha chisonkhezero chawo, iye akutero, kugwira ntchito ndi makompyuta ndiko zonse zimene amafuna kuchita. Makamaka, akuyembekeza kupeza ntchito yogwirira ntchito kukampani yaukadaulo yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Pambuyo pa woyendetsa bwino, okonza Code Weekend adakonzekera gulu lachiwiri, koma coronavirus idachedwetsa zoyesayesa zawo. Kenaka, kumapeto kwa August chaka chatha, boma la Afghanistan linagwa—koma m’malo mothetsa zolinga zawo, zimenezi zinawafulumizitsa.
“Ziloto zambiri zinathetsedwa pamene boma linagwa,” akukumbukira motero Hashimi, amene panthaŵiyo anali atasamukira ku Vancouver, Canada. Monga anthu ambiri aku Afghan omwe anali ku diaspora, anali ndi “chikhumbo chofuna kuchita kanthu”. Ndipo zomwe adakhazikika, akuti, anali kupitiliza kuthandiza m’njira yomwe amadziwira bwino: kuthandizira ma coder aku Afghanistan. “Anthu amafunikira chiyembekezo,” adatero – ndipo popeza zochitika zam’mbuyomu zidangoyang’ana zaukadaulo kapena zatsopano, adayembekeza kuti msasa wa coding boot ungachitenso chimodzimodzi.
Cholinga cha Hashimi pa bootcamp ndi “kupereka njira yokhazikika kwa achinyamata aku Afghan kuti aphunzire maluso atsopano komanso oyendetsedwa ndi msika,” adalemba m’makalata athu oyambirira a imelo, komanso ndi lusoli kuti “ayambe kudzipezera okha ndalama ndi mabanja awo. ”
Kwa ambiri omwe atenga nawo gawo pa bootcamp, onse omwe ali ndi zolinga izi, kuthekera kwa ntchito yapaintaneti kungakhale njira yawo yokhayo. M’banja la Sherzoy wazaka 19, bambo ake okha ndi amene amagwira ntchito pakali pano—ndipo zimene amapanga n’zosakwanira kuti azitha kusamalira iye ndi abale ake asanu ndi mmodzi. Pambuyo pa bootcamp, akuti, akuyembekeza “kuthandiza banja langa ndikuchita zinazake za tsogolo langa.” Iye anawonjezera kuti: “Sindikufuna kukhala wosaphunzira [uneducated].”
Mpaka pano, komabe, mwayi wambiri wopeza ndalama ukubwera kudzera muzoyeserera zina za Hashimi: kuphatikiza Code Weekend, amayendetsanso kampani yopanga mapulogalamu omwe amalemba ntchito kapena kupanga mapangano ndi opanga mapulogalamu a 20 Afghan, ambiri mwa iwo akadali ku Afghanistan, komanso. ngati an online freelancing nsanja, Yagan Kar (kutanthauza “ntchito ina” mu Dari), kwa odziyimira pawokha a Afghanistan.
Ndikusintha kwa mapulani ake oyambirira, a Taliban. Ngakhale Hashimi atachoka ku Afghanistan mu 2016 kukachita digiri ya masters ku UK mu kasamalidwe kazinthu zatsopano, ankatha miyezi itatu kapena inayi kudziko lakwawo chaka chilichonse, akuthandiza gulu laukadaulo lomwe likukula. “Loto langa,” akutero, “ndikukhala ndi pulogalamu yayikulu kwambiri ku Afghanistan.”
Mwanjira ina, chimenecho ndicho cholinga chake. “Ndikufuna kubweretsa ntchito 1,000 pofika 2023” kuchokera kunja kwa dzikolo, akutero, zomwe “zingathandize ambiri odziyimira pawokha komanso achinyamata ndi otukula komanso azachuma.”
Akunena kuti “Afghan onse akufuna kuchoka,” koma zoona zake n’zakuti ambiri mwa iwo ndi osayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi kuthawa. Adzakhalabe ku Afghanistan, ndipo adzafunika njira zatsopano zopezera ndalama. Hashimi amawona gulu laukadaulo lapadziko lonse lapansi ngati lomwe lingathe kupereka ndalamazo, kudzera muntchito zakutali komanso zodziyimira pawokha.
Koma zonsezi zitenga nthawi, ndipo dzikolo likukumana ndi zovuta zambiri.