Boris Johnson Lachitatu usiku adatsogolera zokambirana zamagulu achipani chake chosokonekera cha Conservative. “Ndife chipani cha mabizinesi aulere, mabungwe azinsinsi, a misonkho yochepa, ” nduna yayikulu idatero, ndikugogomezera. Aphungu a Tory, omwe anasonkhana m’chipinda chamatabwa chazinyumba cha House of Commons choyang’ana mtsinje wa Thames, adakhomerera ma desiki awo kuvomereza.
Chowonadi, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri pazonena zandale za Johnson, zinali zosiyana. Pasanathe ola limodzi, ambiri mwa aphungu omwewo adavotera kuvomereza pulani yake kukweza misonkho £ 12bn pachaka kuti athane ndi mavuto azaumoyo ndi chisamaliro cha anthu.
Izi zasiya Britain kuti alembe misonkho yayikulu kwambiri – 35.5% ya ndalama zadziko – kuyambira 1950, pomwe boma lamphamvu kwambiri mdziko muno motsogozedwa ndi Clement Attlee lidakhazikitsa chuma chambiri ndikulimbana ndi zomwe zachitika pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse.
Ambiri mwa Conservatives amadziganizirabe okha monga andale ang’onoang’ono, amisonkho yotsika akuyenda munjira zopatulika za mtsogoleri wakale wakale a Margaret Thatcher. Koma, chowonadi ndichakuti patatha zaka 11 za boma la Tory, womaliza maphunziro ku Britain, akubweza ngongole za ophunzira ndikulipira msonkho wotsika kwambiri, akukumana ndi kutayika kwa 50% pakukula kulikonse pamalipiro awo pamwamba pa $ 27,288, yolipiridwa ndi wolemba ntchito.
Boris Johnson atapita ku Westport Care Home kum’mawa kwa London, kutatsala maola ochepa kuti apange msonkho wa £ 12bn © Paul Edwards / Pool / AFP kudzera pa Getty Images
“Zachabechabe,” anatero nduna ina yakale ya Conservative, asanavotere kukwera kwa 1,25% pamalipiro a inshuwaransi yadziko – yolipiridwa ndi onse olemba anzawo ntchito ndi ogwira nawo ntchito – limodzi ndi kukwera kofananako kwa misonkho.
Kusunthaku kukuyimira kusintha kwanyengo ndale zaku Britain. “Ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe tachita – makamaka ku boma la Conservative,” atero mnzake wa Rishi Sunak, chancellor. Mtolankhani Allister Heath, polemba mu Daily Telegraph – Omwe adamulemba ntchito a Johnson komanso chidziwitso chazisankho – adadzinenera Prime Minister ndi aphungu ake kuti “akuchita nawo chiwonongeko cha chipani cha Conservative”.
Kulimbana ndi cacophony iyi yotsutsa Tory, Johnson adawerengera kuti kukweza misonkho yopulumutsa National Health Service sikunali kolondola kokha, koma kuti Anthu aku Britain angavomereze kwambiri. Johnson wauza anzawo kuti lamuloli silo njuga: “Kutchova juga sikukanakonza NHS,” akutero.
A Conservatives nthawi zonse amawopa kuti adzawonetsedwa pachisankho ngati omwe akutsogolera ntchito yazaumoyo.
“Izi zikuwonetsa kuti ali ndi chidwi chopambana zisankho kuposa kusunga misonkho,” atero a Torsten Bell, wamkulu wa bungwe lachifundo la Resolution Foundation. Gary Streeter, phungu wakale wakale wa Tory, akuwonjezera kuti: “Nzeru za chipani cha Conservative ndizoti zitha kudzikonzanso. Tilipo kuti tithane ndi mavuto amasiku ano. “
Otsutsa kunja kwa Nyumba Yamalamulo chapakati pa London sabata yatha, akufuna boma kuti ligwire mindandanda yazodikirira ya NHS © Stefan Rousseau / PA
Maloto osatheka
Vuto laku UK kwakhala chikhumbo chake chofuna kukhala ndi ma European services of public ndi misonkho yaku US. Izi ndizosatheka, atero a Paul Johnson, wamkulu wa Institute for Fiscal Study: “Muyenera kusankha.”
Mowonjezereka, UK, ngakhale ikudzilekerera ndale kuchokera ku Europe, ikusankha mtundu wazachuma mdera lake. Misonkho yaku UK siyinafike pamilingo yaku Germany, Italiya kapena Chifalansa, koma ikupita komweko.
Johnson, nduna yayikulu yopanda nyumba zokhazikika, adaopa izi Mndandanda wakudikirira kuchipatala cha NHS, kukulitsidwa ndi Covid-19 ndikupita kwa odwala 13m, anali tsoka laumunthu komanso ndale zomwe zatsala pang’ono kuwonekera pa wotchi yake. Amafunikiranso ndalama kuti akonzenso ndalama zomwe anthu amalandira ndalama zambiri mdziko muno, pomwe anthu amakumana ndi mavuto azachuma ngati ali ndi vuto la misala kapena matenda ena atali.
Yankho lake, lomwe Sunak adalilandila mokakamira, lidali jakisoni wamkulu wa ndalama yemwe angawone kuti ndalama zimayamba kupita ku NHS – kamodzi komwe adafotokozedwa ndi chancellor wakale wa a Tory Nigel Lawson ngati “chinthu choyandikira kwambiri chomwe Angerezi ali nacho pachipembedzo”. Pambuyo pake, poganiza kuti patadutsa zaka zitatu, zina mwa ndalamazo zimasamukira kukasamalira anthu.
Sunak adanenetsa kuti kuwonjezeka kosatha kwa zochitika m’boma kuyenera kulipiridwa ndi misonkho yokwera, osabwereka: kuchuluka kwa ngongole yadzikoli mpaka GDP tsopano ndi 100%.
Kukwera kwa misonkho kunaphwanya lonjezo la Tory ndipo adatsutsidwa mwamphamvu asanalengezedwe – Nduna ya Thatcherite a Jacob Rees-Mogg ati inali “werengani milomo yanga mphindi”, zomwe zidalonjeza lonjezo la a George HW Bush mu 1988 ngati phungu wosasankha misonkho yomwe adakakamizidwa kuti abwerere.
Koma mchipinda cha nduna Lachiwiri m’mawa otsutsa adasiyidwa. A Sunak adapempha azitumiki anzawo kuti alimbikitse kuti ndalama zowonjezerazi zitha kuthandizidwa ndi kubwereka kwambiri. Palibe amene adapititsa patsogolo mlanduwu: Conservatism yachuma komanso chidwi chofufuza mabukuwo zidanyengerera msonkho wochepa wa Conservatism. “Wapamwamba pachipanichi ndi a Thatcherite, osati a Reaganite,” akutero a Damian Green, omwe anali wachiwiri kwa nduna yayikulu ponena za mfundo za purezidenti wa US pankhani yodula misonkho ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ndalama.
Kulengeza sabata ino kudachitika patadutsa miyezi ingapo, pomwe Mikangano pakati pa Sunak ndi Johnson idakulirakulira, a Treasury adasokoneza mtengo wonse wa phukusili, akuumiriza kuti kapu yatsopano pamitengo yantchito yantchito yolipiridwa ndi munthu m’modzi iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa $ 86,000 – pomwe boma lithandizire – wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe Johnson ankafunira.
Ndondomekoyi, yoyesedwa mosalekeza ndi omwe amafufuza mpaka mphindi yomaliza, idasinthidwa kuti ikhale “yabwino”, kuphatikiza msonkho wapamwamba pamalipiro agawidwe komanso kwa ogwira ntchito opuma pantchito kuti athane ndi zomwe akuti zimabweretsa mavuto kwa omwe amalandila ndalama zochepa komanso achinyamata. Johnson adalangizidwa kuti ovota avomereze kuti Covid ndi chifukwa chomveka chophwanyira lonjezo lachisankho. Ena adatinso Prime Minister akuyenera kudula tsamba loyenera la chipani cha 2019 pakulankhula kwawo kwa Commons. Pomwe inali yokonzeka kukhazikitsidwa Lachiwiri, anali wotsimikiza kuti akhoza kugulitsa ndondomekoyi.
Zoti sanasiyane ndi mapulani okweza misonkho pa ola la khumi ndi chimodzi, monga ambiri amayembekezera kuti apereka mkwiyo woyipa kuchokera m’manyuzipepala omwe amathandizira Tory komanso aphungu aku Nyumba yamalamulo – adadabwitsidwa atapatsidwa mwayi wakale. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ena aganizire kuti a Johnson akufuna kulowa mgawo lalikulu kwambiri paudindo wawo woyamba.
Allies akuti Johnson sakukondwera ndi dzina loti “Trolley” lomwe adamupatsa ndi mlangizi wake wakale wokwiya Dominic Cummings, yemwe adalemba momwe ntchito yake nthawi zambiri imakhudzira kuyesera kuyimitsanso Johnson paliponse pa mfundo.
“Tidali ndi nkhawa kuti titaya msonkho,” akuvomereza mkulu wina wa Chuma Chachuma, yemwe adawopa kuti Johnson asintha malingaliro ake pamapeto pake. Pamwambowu adakakamira mfuti zake. Sunak womasuka adalumikizana ndi Johnson pamwambo wolandila anthu ku Tory pa Nyumba ya Commons Lolemba kuwauza aphungu: “Tili ndi ngongole yathu ndi kukhulupirika”.
Kuwerengetsa kwa a Johnson kudakhazikitsidwa makamaka povota, komanso pamalingaliro am’malingaliro pazomwe amakhulupirira kuti atha kugulitsa kwa anthu. “Ndiye wokonda kwambiri pantchito masiku ano – palibe chomukhudza,” watero nduna ina ya nduna.
Lingaliro la a Johnson loti awonjezere mzere pamalipiro omwe amadziwika kuti ndi “chindapusa chathanzi ndi chisamaliro chachitetezo chatsopano” adawonedwa ndi MP wina wa Tory ngati “waluntha”. Idzadziwika kuti “Boris levy” – izikhala ngati “njinga za Boris”, akutero a MP, ponena za momwe renti idakhalira ndi Johnson pomwe anali meya waku London.
Zovuta zomwe chipani chotsutsa cha Labor chitawona Johnson akuwononga ndalama pa NHS – kukhazikitsidwa kwa boma la Attlee – ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za inshuwaransi yadziko lonse kuti achite, monga Labor adachitira mu 2003, zidawonjezera lingaliro pakati pa aphungu a Tory kuti chiweruzo cha Johnson anali kulondola. Ogwira ntchito pomalizira pake adatsutsana ndi ndondomekoyi – ku Downing Street kukondwera – kunena kuti ikadabweretsa “msonkho wachuma” wosadziwika.
Khonde ku Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital: mliriwu wasiya anthu pafupifupi 13m kudikirira chithandizo chosagwirizana ndi Covid © Hannah McKay / Pool / AFP kudzera pa Getty Zithunzi
Zithunzi zosamalira anthu
Komabe, mavuto akudza m’tsogolo. A Kafukufuku wa YouGov Zomwe zidayendetsedwa ndi Times pambuyo poti lamuloli likhazikitsidwe zikuwonetsa kuti anthu sangakhale ndi chidwi chokwera msonkho wina kuposa momwe kafukufuku woyamba adanenera. Thandizo la Tory lidagwa mapointi asanu, zomwe zidawatsogolera ku Labor kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyambira Januware. Ovota asanu ndi mmodzi mwa khumi alionse adati Johnson ndi chipani chake sanasamalenso za kukhoma misonkho.
A Keir Starmer, mtsogoleri wa Labor, adati a Johnson adalephera kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zowonjezerazo zitha kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zikudikirira a NHS ndikutsimikizira mabanja kuti sadzafunika kugulitsa nyumba zawo kuti adzalandire chithandizo chamtsogolo.
Ndondomeko yosamalira anthu, yolipiridwa ndi ogwira ntchito ambiri, imawathandiza makamaka ana omwe akuyembekeza kulandira mabanja okwera mtengo komanso kuda nkhawa kuti lottery ya dementia itha kusintha zomwe akuyembekezerazo. Cummings adatumiza mawu pa Twitter kuti: “Tories akupanga achinyamata – omwe sangapeze nyumba ndipo ali ndi ndalama zochepa / zochepera – zadodometsedwa kale ndi boma lazachisoni la Tory kuti ligwire ntchito zolimba kuti zithandizire achikulire komanso olemera.”
Mantha pakati pa aphungu ambiri a Tory – komanso ku Treasure – ndikuti phukusi la “mwadzidzidzi” lothandizira pambuyo pa Covid ku NHS silidzasinthidwa kuti lipereke ndalama zothandizira anthu. Pulezidenti wa Tory Jake Berry akuti NHS ikhoza kukhala “dzenje lopanda malire”.
Katswiri wina wamaphunziro aukadaulo ku Tory akuti a Sajid Javid, mlembi wa zaumoyo, walonjeza kuti ntchito yosamalira anthu ichitika patadutsa zaka zitatu ndalama zothandizira odwala kuchipatala, koma akuwonjezera kuti: “Sikoyenera pepala lomwe lalembedwapo.” Limenelo lingakhale vuto lenileni la zisankho ngati ovota atenga misonkho yokwera koma sawona kusintha komwe akulonjezedwa
Johnson ndi Sunak nawonso, mwachiwonekere, ali ndi malo ochepa oti angayendetsere ndalama ngati akufuna kuwonjezera ndalama mtsogolo. “Uwu uyenera kukhala msonkho womaliza,” akutero MP wina ku Tory. Pambuyo pa mapaundi 25bn amisonkho yayikulu mu Bajeti yake ya Marichi ndi $ 12bn tsopano, Sunak, yemwe watsala pang’ono kuwunikiranso ndalama zomwe boma limagwiritsa ntchito m’boma, walonjeza anzawo kuti Budget yake ya Okutobala idzakhala yochepa.
“Tiyenera kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyana,” akutero mkulu wina wa Treasury. “Sitingathe kuwunika atolankhani onse za ndalama zomwe tikufuna kudzawononga.”
Kwa aphungu a Conservative, awa ndi nthawi zosokoneza. Koma Johnson atha kukhala ndi khadi kumanja kwake. Mu Okutobala oyang’anira ndalama odziyimira pawokha akuyembekezeka kunena kuti chuma sichingasokonezeke kwambiri ndi coronavirus monga momwe zimaganiziridwapo kale.
Izi zikachitika, a Johnson ndi Sunak akhala pamphepo yapachaka yomwe Institute for Government ikuyerekeza kuti ndi $ 25bn, yomwe itha kutumizidwa pakadali pano kapena posachedwa zisankho zisanachitike, mwina kuchepetsa misonkho. Izi zitha kukhala mpumulo ku phwando lomwe silisangalala ndi misonkho yayikulu, komanso ndalama zambiri zomwe ikuthandizira kupanga.